Working papers
Recent Submissions
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Greenhouse gas emissions embedded in agricultural trade : implications and potential opportunities for Asia-Pacific
(UN.ESCAP, 2023-01)Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions are the main driving force of climate change, and all economic sectors need to internalize their costs. Food systems (including land use, production, refrigeration, food processing) account ... -
Sustainable mechanization-based solutions for climate smart agriculture in Asia and the Pacific
(CSAM, 2022-12)Agriculture is among the sectors most vulnerable to climate change. In the Asia-Pacific region, this sector is facing a number of key constraints such as a large proportion of small or fragmented land holdings, use of ... -
SDG 6 profile for North and Central Asia on clean water and sanitation
(UN.ESCAP, 2022)The sixth goal of the United Nation's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development commits member States to ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for everybody. North and Central Asia ...
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Smart cities in South East Asia : a landscape review
(UN.ESCAP, 2023-01-10)Smart city policy goals are becoming mainstream in South East Asia but lack a supply of innovative smart city business models, products and services. ESCAP is joining the movement to support the acceleration of smart ...
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Assessment of the progress in implementing the Vienna Programme of Action in NCA Landlocked Developing Countries
(UN.ESCAP, 2022)The Vienna Programme of Action (VPoA) for Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs) was adopted in 2014 and its main objective is to address the challenges faced by the LLDCs in overcoming their structural weaknesses ...
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Review of alignment between roadmap for accelerated implementation of VPoA and national development strategies of five LLDCs in Asia (Afghanistan, Bhutan, Lao PDR, Mongolia and Nepal)
(UN.ESCAP, 2022)The Vienna Program of Action was adopted at the Second UN Conference on LLDCs in Vienna in November 2014. The program was developed for the period 2014-2024 to address some of the unique challenges faced by landlocked ...
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Review of progress made in the implementation of the Vienna Programme of Action for the landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)by Afghanistan, Bhutan, Lao PDR, Mongolia, and Nepal
(UN.ESCAP, 2022)The year 2024 marks the conclusion of the implementation of the Vienna Programme of Action for the landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) for the decade 2014-20241 (VPoA). The 5 Asian LLDCs2have achieved mixed progress ...
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Practical means of applying the TRIPS agreement’s flexibilities to spur vaccine production : special series on trade and health
(United Nations, 2023-01-05)Timely and equitable access to vaccines and other health technologies is vital in effectively responding to pandemics and treating other communicable diseases. This paper shows how countries might overcome real or ...
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Estimating the effect of trade facilitation implementation on trade misinvoicing-based illicit financial flows and tax revenue in Asia and the Pacific
(United Nations, 2022-12-30)Trade misinvoicing occurs when price, quantity or description of internationally traded goods is purposefully misrepresented for pecuniary gain. It is one type of illicit financial flows (IFFs), and combating IFFs has been ... -
The future of work in the context of population ageing in Asia and the Pacific
(United Nations, 2022-06)The disruptions the COVID-19 pandemic has caused in people’s lives, labour markets and the regional economy have aggravated many existing challenges and reversed several development gains. At the same time, the ... -
Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement : an evolving preferential regional trade agreement
(UN.ESCAP, 2022)Asia-Pacific region has become the centre of economic growth of the world for the last couple of decades and international trade and investment have played a key role for many countries in this region in achieving this ...
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Enhancing digital G2P transfer capacities in the Asian LDCs
(UN.ESCAP, 2022-12)In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, globally, there has been a rapid scale up of Government-to-Person (G2P) payments, especially digital cash transfers via mobile money agents and e-wallets. ...
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Strategic foresight to applications of Geospatial Artificial Intelligence (GeoAI) to achieve disaster-related sustainable development goals
(UN.ESCAP, 2022-12)This report is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 highlights the need for strategic foresight and discusses the data and methods used in the report. Chapter 2 discusses GeoAI, its evolution, features, and current state ... -
Low-hanging-fruit options for energy efficiency in freight transport
(UN.ESCAP, 2022-12-14)This working paper provides transport policy makers with a quick overview of policy instruments that could be implemented in a short term to increase energy efficiency in the freight transport sector. It proposes 22 ... -
Financing research and development for new vaccines in Asia-Pacific developing countries
(United Nations, 2022)There have been many important innovations in the landscape of vaccine development for neglected and emerging infectious diseases, such as the launch of public-private product development partnerships (PDPs). However, there ... -
Food loss in international trade : a case study of Indonesian tuna exported to the European Union, the United States, and Japan
(United Nations, 2022)The knowledge of the drivers of food losses in international trade and possible mitigation strategies is still limited. This study focused on the prevalence and drivers of food loss in Indonesian tuna exported ... -
Strengthening health systems to address inequities in COVID-19 vaccine access in the Asia-Pacific region : special series on trade and health
(United Nations, 2022)The economic and health recovery of countries in the Asia-Pacific region from the pandemic is hinged on the rapid and equitable deployment of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines. However, in the initial years of the ...
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Bolstering East Asian-Latin American value chains through digitally deliverable services
(United Nations,, 2021-04)Digitally deliverable services play a growing role in export-driven production in the FEALAC region, but digitally deliverable services from Latin America are used only to a limited extent by producers in Asia, and vice ... -
Digital solutions centre in Central Asia
(UN.ESCAP, 2021-08-30)The central proposition of this report is that Kazakhstan is in pole position to become the digital hub of Central Asia through the creation of a Digital Solutions Centre (DSC). Kazakhstan has already made progress towards ... -
Nepal’s fight against the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic
(Subregional Office for South and South-West Asia, 2021)The second wave of COVID-19 pandemic hit Nepal between April and July 2021 and was substantially more devastating that the first wave. As of 31 March 2021, Nepal had been cautious over the possibility of the second wave ...
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